How to Vote in the U.S.: A Complete Guide for All Voters

The right to vote gives you a voice in the future of your community. When you cast your vote, you’re choosing leaders and deciding on issues that matter.

Here’s a step-by-step guide on voting options, ID requirements, accessibility accommodations, and ways you can get involved by becoming a poll worker.

Voting Times and Locations

Each state offers different options to make voting accessible, including in-person, mail-in, and early voting.

Voting on Election Day

Most people vote at a polling place on Election Day. When you arrive, election workers will be there to guide you through the voting process.

You’ll select your choices using either a paper ballot or an electronic device.

To find out where and when you should vote, check with your state or local election office.

Early Voting Options

Some areas offer early voting days before Election Day so you can vote at a time that works best for you.

Since not all states offer this, check with your state or local election office for early voting locations and dates.

Voting by Mail and Absentee Voting

Some states conduct elections entirely by mail, and others allow absentee voting if you can’t vote in person. To see if you qualify, review your state’s rules for mail-in voting.

Returning Your Mail Ballot

• By Mail: In some states, ballots come with prepaid envelopes; in others, postage is required. Be sure to complete the return envelope and send it by mail.
• Drop Box or In-Person: You can also return your ballot in person or at an official drop box. Check with your local election office to find a drop box near you.

Get Informed About Your Ballot

Learning about the candidates and issues on your ballot helps you vote wisely. Sample ballots are often available online through local election websites, with details on candidates and ballot measures. Check your local election website for specific information.

ID Rules for Voting

Each state sets its own ID rules. Many states require an ID for in-person voting, and some require ID information for mail voting.

If you need an ID card and don’t drive, you can obtain one at your local motor vehicle office. Certain organizations may also help with ID fees.

Remember: You don’t need a voter registration card to vote.

Language Assistance

If English isn’t your first language, you have options for language support:

• Check if voting materials are available in your preferred language.
• Ask for a poll worker who speaks your language or uses American Sign Language (ASL).
• Bring a family member or friend to help translate at your polling place.

Voting Accessibility

Voters with disabilities have a right to accessible voting resources, including ballots in large print or audio. Polling locations should have accessible voting machines and entryways.

If your voting location doesn’t have the accommodations you need, contact your local election office.

If you experience discrimination based on a disability, you can report it to the Department of Justice (DOJ), which ensures everyone’s right to vote.

Federal Laws Protect Your Voting Rights

Federal laws protect every citizen’s right to vote. The DOJ offers a “Know Your Rights Voting Guide” that explains how the government ensures fair access to voting. If you don’t receive language assistance or accessibility support as required, or if someone questions your voting rights, report it to the DOJ.

Help Your Community: Become a Poll Worker

Supporting your community as a poll worker is a rewarding way to make a difference. Poll workers handle many tasks, such as:

• Setting up voting locations
• Assisting voters and verifying registration
• Distributing ballots and explaining voting procedures

Poll workers are paid for their time, varying pay rates by location. Contact your local election office for information on signing up.